IBM Skip to main content
  Home     Products & services     Support & downloads     My account  
  Select a country  
Journals Home  
  Systems Journal  
Journal of Research
and Development
  ·  Current Issue  
  ·  Recent Issues  
  ·  Papers in Progress  
  ·  Search/Index  
  ·  Orders  
  ·  Description  
  ·  Patents  
  ·  Recent publications  
  ·  Author's Guide  
  Staff  
  Contact Us  
  Related link:  
     IBM Research  
IBM Journal of Research and Development  
March 1, 2001 - March 31, 2001
Non-US Patents issued to IBM inventors
  DOI: 10.1147/rd.pat.wt.03312001 arrowCopyright info
   

Patents issued outside US to IBM inventors between March 1, 2001 and March 31, 2001

The following patents were issued by countries outside of the United States of America. See the legend at the end of this file for European Patent-issuing countries.

Austria
E199,617 H. Ahmadi, D. F. Bantz, F. Bauchot, A. Krishna, R. O. Lamaire, and K. S. Natarajan An adaptive medium access control scheme for wireless LAN

Canada
2,074,769 A. M. Blanchette and D. Reed Formula processor
2,142,794 E. Antunes, D. F. Bantz, F. Bauchot, E. Dal Bello, M. Ferraz, F. Le Maut, and B. Tavares Command set and procedure for synchronization of frequency hopping control clocks
2,154,042 W. R. Belknap, L. Cleary, J. W. Eldridge, L. W. Fitchett, S. G. Luning, C. Murray, H. Olnowich, A. Saxena, K. Schubert, and B. Stansbury Video optimized media streamer
2,165,893 V. Klicnik and R. D. McDonald Visual application part partitioning for creating distributed objected oriented applications

China
67,443 R. L. Arldt, S. H. Downey, H. J. Golden, I. S. Mahmoud, C. Okoro, and J. Spalik Flux composition and corresponding soldering method
67,587 E. A. Cunningham Magnetoresistive head with asymmetric leads
67,869 R. T. Hodgson, P. M. Marcus, and V. L. Moruzzi Atomic layered materials for giant magnetoresistive sensor
68,131 T. P. Gall and A. P. Ingraham Low temperature ternary C4 method

European Patent (Countries in which patent was filed)
621,708 H. Ahmadi, D. F. Bantz, F. Bauchot, A. Krishna, R. O. Lamaire, and K. S. Natarajan An adaptive medium access control scheme scheme for wireless LAN
(AT, BE, CH, DE, ES, FR, GB, IT, LI, NL, SE)
631,226 R. T. Cato and R. H. Harris Apparatus and method for ultrasonic communication
(DE, FR, GB)
658,021 F. Bauchot, R. Bjorklund, A. Herzberg, S. Kutten, and M. Wetterwald A method and system for key distribution and authentication in a data communication network
(DE, FR, GB)
747,841 K. Lagarde and R. M. Rogers A sub-agent service agent for fulfilling requests of a web browser
(DE, FR, GB)
811,704 H. Hilgers, P. Joeris, and M. Straub Surface Modification of Magnetic Heads
(DE, FR, GB)
849,896 F. Gfeller, H. Richard, and B. Weiss Transceiver module for wireless data transmission
(DE, FR, GB)

Germany
19,633,002.5 C. J. Pascoe and G. A. Wilson Method and Apparatus for Managing Exceptions
19,633,466.7 W. Haenel Post-initialization of chip cards MOSFETs
69,330,065.5 F. Bauchot, R. Bjorklund, A. Herzberg, S. Kutten, and M. Wetterwald A method and system for key distribution and authentication in a data communication network
69,426,788.0 H. Ahmadi, D. F. Bantz, F. Bauchot, A. Krishna, R. O. Lamaire, and K. S. Natarajan An adaptive medium access control scheme for wireless LAN
69,426,793.7 R. T. Cato and R. H. Harris Apparatus and method for ultrasonic communication
69,426,839.9 F. Gfeller, H. Richard, and B. Weiss Optical transmitter and transceiver module for wireless data transmission
69,612,034.8 K. Lagarde and R. M. Rogers A sub-agent service agent for fulfilling requests of a web browser
69,704,231.6 H. Hilgers, P. Joeris, and M. Straub Surface modification of magnetic heads MOSFETs

Hungary
219,533 D. E. Carmon, W. G. Crouse, and M. S. Ware Multi-media signal processor computer system

Indonesia
6,079 T. J. Chainer, A. P. Praino, M. Schultz, B. C. Webb, and E. J. Yarmchuk Improvements in self-servowriting timing pattern generation

Japan
3,165,012 B. A. Chappell, T. I. Chappell, B. M. Fleischer, and S. E. Schuster Fast comparator circuit
3,165,022 J. T. Brady, D. W. Finney, and D. R. Nowlen Expedited message transfer in a multi-nodal data processing system
3,165,042 R. J. Bowater, M. Cobbett, L. L. Porter, and M. Staton Client-server system
3,165,073 A. Bhatt, A. C. Bhatt, G. W. Jones, V. R. Markovich, and W. E. Wilson Method of preparing a substrate surface for conformal plating
3,165,075 P. J. Brofman, B. Ghosal, R. A. Jackson, K. J. Puttlitz, W. E. Sablinski, and K. A. Stalter Socketable bump grid array shaped-solder on copper spheres
3,165,099 M. Demura, H. Nagura, T. Tamura, and K. Tanaka Efficient erasure correction method for DVD
3,166,893 W. I. Imaino, H. J. Rosen, K. A. Rubin, T. C. Strand, and W. W. Tang Multiple data surface optical data storage system
3,166,896 H. Hama, K. Iwano, and S. Misono Apparatus for virtually zooming candidates for selecton
3,166,905 M. Kitagawa, H. Nakano, and A. Yanagawa An image processing method
3,167,732 N. K. Frater, T. M. Hoffmann, D. Ingalls, and B. J. Kriehn Shock protected high density suspension system
3,167,891 A. Edgar and S. C. Penn Scan line queuing for high performance image correction
3,167,893 R. F. Brabson and J. C. Fletcher Method and apparatus for reducing network resource location traffic
3,167,906 R. Mraz and M. Tsao An IP bridge for parallel machines
3,167,915 J. A. Iadanza and M. Ueda Process tolerant delay circuit
3,167,931 A. Takeuchi E2PROM write sequence for PC card terminal
3,167,948 M. Ronay Aluminum alloy for the damascene process for on-chip wiring applications
3,167,955 J. M. Dunn and E. H. Stern Display accessory for a record playback system
3,167,975 R. M. Bryant, R. D. Hoffman, and S. Kahn World wide web end user response time monitor
3,167,980 M. Takagi Candidate sieving method
3,167,994 G. B. Bronner, G. Costrini, C. J. Radens, and R. F. Schnabel Slotted damascene lines for low resistive wiring lines for integrated circuit
3,168,552 J. R. Davidson, H. H. Li, and F. M. Liu Address range extension for a modular computer
3,169,155 M. Auslander, A. Chang, and R. M. Meade Curcuitry and method for caching information
3,170,291 J. S. Beeteson, S. C. Kerigan, and A. R. Knox Display system
3,170,430 W. P. Bailey System and method for formatting position-sensitive data
3,170,455 K. Iwata Raid with capacity merge function
3,170,461 C. Aggarwal, J. Wolf, and P. S. Yu A permutation based pyramid block transmission scheme for broadcasting in video-on-demand storage systems
3,170,465 T. R. Albrecht and T. A. Nguyen Contact start/stop disk drive with minimized head-disk wear in textured landing zone
3,170,472 E. Hokenek and H. Q. Le Information handling system having a register remap structure using a content addressable table
3,170,489 J. S. Beeteson, A. R. Knox, and A. C. Lowe Photo-cathode electron source having an extractor grid
3,170,495 C. H. Lee Axial bearing fly height measurement to detect oil deficiency
3,172,191 J. S. Beeteson Cathode ray tube display apparatus
3,172,192 P. D. Niblett Data conferencing network
3,172,387 L. D. Long, L. F. Menditto, M. E. Miyake, A. J. Stagg, and R. E. Ward Improved channel interfaces for computer input/output channels
3,172,404 J. S. Austin, I. I. Novof, D. E. Strayer, and S. Wyatt Phase detector with no phase error
3,172,405 C. Godefroy, G. Paillet, A. Steimle, and P. Tannhof Daisy chain circuit for serial connection of neuron circuits
3,172,423 C. K. Eilert and B. R. Pierce Multi-system capping
3,172,441 J. D. Amundson, J. A. Hagan, D. H. Piltingsrud, and S. F. Starcke Plating on nonmetallic disks
3,172,475 S. Kobayashi, A. Koide, N. Morimoto, and S. Shimizu Data hiding method by statistical inference
3,172,477 K. J. Christensen and L. C. Haas Method and system for transmitting ATM cells on an ATM link
3,172,480 B. El-Kareh, J. G. Ryan, and H. Tanimoto Eds structure that employs a Schottky-Barrier to reduce the likelihood of latch up
3,172,498 H. Takahashi A character recognition method using stroke contom feature
3,172,501 L. D. David and L. Fanti Process improvements for titanium-tungsten etching in the presence of electroplated C4's
3,173,714 A. D. Erpelding, D. D. Palmer, S. Pattanaik, and O. J. Ruiz Minimal stiffness conductors for a head gimbal assembly
3,173,723 K. R. Carter, J. L. Hedrick, and R. D. Miller Integrated circuit device and process for its manufacture

Korea
290,314 J. A. Bruce, S. J. Holmes, and R. K. Leidy Method for improving visibility of alignment targets in semiconductor processing
290,545 T. Chiu, D. G. Mikan, and J. Nguyen Register file array having a two-bit to four-bit encoder
291,121 R. K. Arimilli, J. S. Dodson, J. D. Lewis, and D. E. Williams Method and system for controlling access to a shared resource in a data processing system utilizing pseudo-random priorities
291,136 D. J. Byford System and method for accessing data files in a computer network
291,274 H. S. Gill Antiparallel pinned spin valve with read signal symmetry
291,360 C. O. Green, J. E. Kulakowski, and R. J. Means Unique identifier for optical media
291,537 T. R. Albrecht, Y. Kobayashi, I. Koyanagi, and F. Sai Load/unload ramp
292,128 K. Sugimoto and H. Toyosawa PC connection for network
292,191 A. Blanc, C. Landry, M. Poret, and J. C. Robbe Cell switch core access layer
292,192 A. Blanc, B. Brezzo, M. Poret, and A. Saurel Multicast control in composite switch fabric
292,293 L. J. Serrano and M. M. Yu Method and apparatus for encoding digital servo information in a servo burst
292,294 G. B. Bronner and J. P. Gambino Process for controlling the height of a stud intersecting an interconnect
292,303 C. Bates and P. R. Day A graphical user interface method and system that provides an inertial slider within a scroll bar
292,317 S. K. Kang, S. Purushothaman, and R. S. Rai Electrodeposition of low temperature, high conductivity, powder materials for electrically conductive paste formulations
292,597 J. M. Carter A centralized billing service for a computer network
292,598 J. W. Blackard, R. A. Gillaspy, B. Henthorn, E. Petersen, L. W. Russell, and G. Shippy Data processing system and method for pacing information transfers in a communications network
292,599 L. Berg, J. F. Boigenzahn, Z. E. Boutaghou, and T. P. Fracek Motion limiters in a direct access storage device for preventing disk data zone and spindle bearing damage
292,642 G. O. Blandy, M. A. Saba, and R. J. Urquhart System and method for non-intrusive code instrumentation
292,644 R. D. Adams, J. Connor, G. S. Koch, and L. Ternullo Bist tester for multiple memories
292,645 D. Petkovic and E. J. Selker Method and means for managing a luminescent laptop keyboard
292,769 V. Berstis Method and apparatus to remotely configure a data processing system
292,770 S. Fdida, A. Fichou, C. Galand, G. A. Marin, R. O. Onvural, and K. V. Vu Explicit rate algorithm for ATM available bit rate service
292,771 T. W. Bereiter Software auditing mechanism for a distributed computer enterprise environment
292,772 T. W. Bereiter Reconfiguring computer resources in a distributed computer enterprise environment
293,119 C. A. Alexander, J. Lloyd, and M. B. Squire Redundant internet protocol gateways using loacl area network emulation
293,136 R. K. Arimilli, J. S. Dodson, J. M. Kaiser, and J. D. Lewis Method of shared intervention for cache lines in the recently read state for SMP bus

Singapore
44,448 J. D. Dixon, D. S. Keener, H. J. Locker, G. A. Marazas, A. B. McNeill, T. H. Newsom, and N. A. Osborn Architecture for SCSI 60 lead interface
52,460 M. Doerner, D. S. Parker, A. W. Wu, and T. Yogi Magnetic recording disk file for contact recording
53,072 T. Y. Chang, M. T. Krounbi, H. P. Lee, and D. J. Werner Write head with recessed stitched yoke on a planar portion of an insulation layer defining zero throat height
56,071 B. G. Mealey, R. C. Swanberg, and M. S. Williams Loadable hardware support
60,098 H. S. Gill Differential spin valve sensor structure
60,155 M. T. Benhase, J. T. Brady, D. W. Finney, M. H. Hartung, M. A. Ko, D. J. Lang, and J. M. Menon Method for extraction of a variable length record from fixed length sectors on a disk drive and for reblocking remaining records in a disk track
63,845 J. D. Westwood P1 notched write head with minimum overmilled P1 and P2
66,869 J. E. Kulakowski, R. J. Means, and D. J. Winarski Optical disk under-run protection
68,008 G. B. Bronner, J. P. Gambino, J. A. Mandelman, and L. A. Nesbit Threshold voltage tailoring of corner MOSFET device
68,651 P. Baumgart, J. H. Brannon, C. C. Poon, I. K. Pour, and A. C. Tam Laser system for simultaneous texturing of two sides of a substrate
69,320 T. R. Albrecht Load/unload disk drive with multistage retract circuit for parking the head carriers on power down
69,324 F. Cardone, J. O. Chu, and K. E. Ismail Abrupt "delta-like" doping in SI and SiGe films by UHV-CVD
70,026 T. W. Bereiter Scalable and extensible system management architecture with dataless endpoint
70,058 R. L. White Hydrogenated carbon thin films
70,095 P. K. Malkin, R. J. Schloss, E. Snible, M. Willebeek-Lemair, and P. S. Yu Dynamic modification of multimedia content
70,151 K. A. Chiarot, D. S. Ray, S. Tung, and B. D. Williamson Load/load detection and re-order method
71,037 J. E. Cronin and B. Luther Inorganic seal for encapsulation of an organic layer and method for making the same
71,145 H. Y. Chang, N. H. Cohen, R. A. Floyd, B. C. Housel, D. B. Lindquist, S. Mastrianni, M. Shapiro, and C. D. Tait Client-side asynchronous form management
71,912 P. Zaun Dual mode auto-balancer for DVD drives

Spain
2,154,652 H. Ahmadi, D. F. Bantz, F. Bauchot, A. Krishna, R. O. Lamaire, and K. S. Natarajan An adaptive medium access control scheme for wireless LAN

Taiwan
NI-121,649 C. L. Brealey, J. G. Johnston, V. Klicnik, D. M. Lauzon, L. T. Loi, and A. A. Seelemann Common object-relationship and context management for multiple tools
NI-121,654 S. L. Cohen, E. Cooper, K. Penner, D. I. Rath, and K. K. Srivastava Control of gas content in process liquids for improved megasoniccleaning of semiconductor wafers and microelectronics substrates
NI-121,656 S. Chen, T. Fujisaki, M. Kobayashi, M. Oshima, and Y. Yoshida Content configurable and collaborative kiosk
NI-121,657 C. L. Bertin and E. L. Hedberg High performance, high bandwidth memory bus architecture utilizing SDRAMS
NI-121,658 N. Hayashi Candidate selection/correction method for online hardwriting recognition
NI-121,665 D. McNabb, F. Schmuck, B. Shmueli, and J. Wyllie Parallel file system and method for multiple node file access
NI-121,669 D. C. Boyd, S. M. Burns, H. I. Hanafi, Y. Taur, and W. C. Wille Field effect transistors with vertical gate side walls and method for making such transistors
NI-121,676 J. E. Cronin and B. Luther Stacked via in copper/polyimide beol
NI-121,678 G. M. Lippert Method for maintaining multi-level cache coherency in a processor with non-inclusive caches and processor implementing the same
NI-121,704 S. E. Greco and C. Uzoh Method to selectively fill recesses with conductive metal
NI-121,711 P. Dehaven, C. C. Goldsmith, J. L. Hurd, S. Kaja, M. S. Legere, and E. D. Perfecto Process of controlling grain growth in metal films
NI-121,783 J. Acocella and R. W. Mann Method for planarized self-aligned floating gate to isolation
NI-121,867 A. R. Basilico LAN switch architecture
NI-121,901 G. W. Ewart Using language characteristics to verify application facts at compile time
NI-121,974 E. Colgan, R. L. Melcher, T. Nakasoki, C. Narayan, J. L. Sanford, and K. H. Yang Structure and assembly method for reduced spatial light modulator size
NI-122,003 D. Q. Nguyen, J. E. Phillips, and B. D. Williamson Method and system for handling multiple store instruction completion
NI-122,008 F. Motika, S. V. Pateras, and J. Shushereba Weighted random pattern built-in self-test
NI-122,106 K. Liu, F. F. Tong, and W. K. Wang Wavelength sorter and its application to planarized dynamic wavelength routing
NI-122,113 K. Ishikawa A server for internet TV phone
NI-122,145 G. Daniel, J. M. Dortu, T. Kirihata, and K. P. Pfefferl Variable domain redundancy replacement
NI-122,150 D. J. Craft Method and apparatus for providing improved data compression efficiency for an adaptive compressor
NI-122,210 V. Castelli, C. S. Li, and A. Thomasian Multidimensional data clustering and dimension reduction for indexing and searching
NI-122,252 J. Dyer, K. Goldman, E. R. Palmer, P. Rohatgi, and S. W. Smith Method and apparatus for collecting information associated with movement between locations
NI-122,587 C. Narayanaswami System and method for double buffering graphics image data with compressed frame buffers
NI-122,590 J. Harper and C. Uzoh Apparatus for electrochemical mechanical planarization
NI-122,611 J. S. Brown, J. Dunn, S. J. Holmes, C. Huynh, R. K. Leidy, and P. W. Pastel Method for forming sidewall spacers using frequency doubling hybrid resist and device formed thereby
NI-122,684 S. C. Chen, J. Janniello, W. E. Pence, and B. L. Yeo Television companion device
NI-122,736 D. S. Chevion Voice recording and playback apparatus
NI-122,747 J. P. Gambino and D. E. Kotecki Crown capacitor using a tapered etch of a damascene lower electrode
NI-122,832 E. J. Nowak and M. H. Tong Semiconductor device with decoupling capacitance and method thereof
NI-122,845 K. A. Belser Bi-level optical media having embossed header format
NI-122,865 G. Di Giacomo Pb-In-Sn tall C-4 for fatigue enhancement
NI-122,892 S. C. Chen, J. Janniello, W. E. Pence, and B. L. Yeo Television companion device
NI-122,999 G. B. Bronner and J. P. Gambino Process for controlling the height of a stud intersecting an interconnect
NI-123,037 H. Cai, L. Y. Liu, and S. Song Method and apparatus for storing/retrieving data into/from hand-held device
NI-123,053 M. McNally and Unknown Systgem, method and computer program product for discovery in a distributed computing environment
NI-123,060 M. S. Chase-Salerno and R. Ferri System for parallel, remote administration of mirrored and alternate volume groups in a distributed data processing system
NI-123,084 S. J. Kman, W. R. Sondej, and J. A. Stubecki Pinned module
NI-123,087 J. C. Chen System and method for processing chinese language text

Thailand
10,227 J. R. Reidenbach Rotary actuator for disk drive assemblies

United Kingdom
2,317,082 J. Leung, P. S. Poon, and F. T. Tong Method and system for the distribution of digitally encoded presentations
2,318,255 R. H. Bass A wireless modem with a supplemental power source
2,319,366 D. J. Auerbach, D. J. Craft, and R. Montoye Microcode compression
2,320,159 N. K. Feldman, A. Viswanathan, and R. M. Woundy Aggregate internet route switching
2,328,539 A. Dobson and R. A. Merrick Data charting
2,331,387 A. Wilson Method and apparatus for controlling printers
2,353,633 J. S. Beeteson and A. R. Knox Display device

European Patent country names and codes

AD    ANDORRA
AE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
AF AFGHANISTAN
AG ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA
AI ANGUILLA
AL ALBANIA
AM ARMENIA
AN NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
AO ANGOLA
AQ ANTARCTICA
AR ARGENTINA
AS AMERICAN SAMOA
AT AUSTRIA
AU AUSTRALIA
AW ARUBA
AZ AZERBAIJAN
BA BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
BB BARBADOS
BD BANGLADESH
BE BELGIUM
BF BURKINA FASO
BG BULGARIA
BH BAHRAIN
BI BURUNDI
BJ BENIN
BM BERMUDA
BN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
BO BOLIVIA
BR BRAZIL
BS BAHAMAS
BT BHUTAN
BV BOUVET ISLAND
BW BOTSWANA
BY BELARUS
BZ BELIZE
CA CANADA
CC COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS
CD CONGO, THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE
CF CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
CG CONGO
CH SWITZERLAND
CI CÔ;TE D'IVOIRE
CK COOK ISLANDS
CL CHILE
CM CAMEROON
CN CHINA
CO COLOMBIA
CR COSTA RICA
CU CUBA
CV CAPE VERDE
CX CHRISTMAS ISLAND
CY CYPRUS
CZ CZECH REPUBLIC
DE GERMANY
DJ DJIBOUTI
DK DENMARK
DM DOMINICA
DO DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
DZ ALGERIA
EC ECUADOR
EE ESTONIA
EG EGYPT
EH WESTERN SAHARA
ER ERITREA
ES SPAIN
ET ETHIOPIA
FI FINLAND
FJ FIJI
FK FALKLAND ISLANDS (MALVINAS)
FM MICRONESIA, FEDERATED STATES OF
FO FAROE ISLANDS
FR FRANCE
GA GABON
GB UNITED KINGDOM
GD GRENADA
GE GEORGIA
GF FRENCH GUIANA
GH GHANA
GI GIBRALTAR
GL GREENLAND
GM GAMBIA
GN GUINEA
GP GUADELOUPE
GQ EQUATORIAL GUINEA
GR GREECE
GS SOUTH GEORGIA AND THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS
GT GUATEMALA
GU GUAM
GW GUINEA-BISSAU
GY GUYANA
HK HONG KONG
HM HEARD ISLAND AND MCDONALD ISLANDS
HN HONDURAS
HR CROATIA
HT HAITI
HU HUNGARY
ID INDONESIA
IE IRELAND
IL ISRAEL
IN INDIA
IO BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY
IQ IRAQ
IR IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
IS ICELAND
IT ITALY
JM JAMAICA
JO JORDAN
JP JAPAN
KE KENYA
KG KYRGYZSTAN
KH CAMBODIA
KI KIRIBATI
KM COMOROS
KN SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS
KP KOREA, DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
KR KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
KW KUWAIT
KY CAYMAN ISLANDS
KZ KAZAKSTAN
LA    LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
LB LEBANON
LC SAINT LUCIA
LI LIECHTENSTEIN
LK SRI LANKA
LR LIBERIA
LS LESOTHO
LT LITHUANIA
LU LUXEMBOURG
LV LATVIA
LY LIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYA
MA MOROCCO
MC MONACO
MD MOLDOVA, REPUBLIC OF
MG MADAGASCAR
MH MARSHALL ISLANDS
MK MACEDONIA, THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF
ML MALI
MM MYANMAR
MN MONGOLIA
MO MACAU
MP NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
MQ MARTINIQUE
MR MAURITANIA
MS MONTSERRAT
MT MALTA
MU MAURITIUS
MV MALDIVES
MW MALAWI
MX MEXICO
MY MALAYSIA
MZ MOZAMBIQUE
NA NAMIBIA
NC NEW CALEDONIA
NE NIGER
NF NORFOLK ISLAND
NG NIGERIA
NI NICARAGUA
NL NETHERLANDS
NO NORWAY
NP NEPAL
NR NAURU
NU NIUE
NZ NEW ZEALAND
OM OMAN
PA PANAMA
PE PERU
PF FRENCH POLYNESIA
PG PAPUA NEW GUINEA
PH PHILIPPINES
PK PAKISTAN
PL POLAND
PM SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON
PN PITCAIRN
PR PUERTO RICO
PS PALESTINIAN TERRITORY, OCCUPIED
PT PORTUGAL
PW PALAU
PY PARAGUAY
QA QATAR
RE RÉUNION
RO ROMANIA
RU RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RW RWANDA
SA SAUDI ARABIA
SB SOLOMON ISLANDS
SC SEYCHELLES
SD SUDAN
SE SWEDEN
SG SINGAPORE
SH SAINT HELENA
SI SLOVENIA
SJ SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN
SK SLOVAKIA
SL SIERRA LEONE
SM SAN MARINO
SN SENEGAL
SO SOMALIA
SR SURINAME
ST SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
SV EL SALVADOR
SY SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC
SZ SWAZILAND
TC TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS
TD CHAD
TF FRENCH SOUTHERN TERRITORIES
TG TOGO
TH THAILAND
TJ TAJIKISTAN
TK TOKELAU
TM TURKMENISTAN
TN TUNISIA
TO TONGA
TP EAST TIMOR
TR TURKEY
TT TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
TV TUVALU
TW TAIWAN
TZ TANZANIA, UNITED REPUBLIC OF
UA UKRAINE
UG UGANDA
UM UNITED STATES MINOR OUTLYING ISLANDS
US UNITED STATES
UY URUGUAY
UZ UZBEKISTAN
VA HOLY SEE (VATICAN CITY STATE)
VC SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES
VE VENEZUELA
VG VIRGIN ISLANDS, BRITISH
VI VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S.
VN VIET NAM
VU VANUATU
WF WALLIS AND FUTUNA
WS SAMOA
YE YEMEN
YT MAYOTTE
YU YUGOSLAVIA
ZA SOUTH AFRICA
ZM ZAMBIA
ZW ZIMBABWE