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Electronic packaging evolution in IBM
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by D. P. Seraphim and I. Feinberg |
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IBM Journal of Research and Development, Volume 25, Issue 5, pp. 617-629 (1981).
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This paper describes innovations in the development of packaging for semiconductors over a period of several decades. The IBM System/360™, for example, made use of special solder joints for the semiconductor connections, allowing ultimately a higher density and total number of interconnections compared to the rest of the industry.
Innovations, which have led to the major advances in interconnection density at the chip carrier level of packaging, included good thermal conducting ceramic substrates and multilayer technology with dense vertical interconnection (via) capability. The innovations that have led to the major advances in the interconnection density at the second level of package include plated through-hole technology and field-replaceable units with connector technology. The authors conclude by noting that “These and other innovations described in this paper have allowed circuit densities at the back panel to grow approximately three orders of magnitude in less than three decades.”
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