IBM's rich history of discovery and innovation has brought international recognition. In addition to five Nobel prizes, IBM researchers have been recognized with five U.S. National Medals of Technology, five National Medals of Science and 19 memberships in the National Academy of Sciences. IBM Research has more than 46 members of the National Academy of Engineering and well over 300 industry organization fellows.
1987 - J. Georg Bednorz and K. Alex Müller were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in a new class of materials. They discovered that a particular class of oxides can conduct electricity without resistance at temperatures significantly higher than previously acheived. Applications of high-temperature superconductors include devices to measure extremely small magnetic fields, which can be used for geophysical exploration and medical diagnostic procedures.
1986 - Gerd K. Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer received the Nobel Prize in Physics for their invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope, which could provide atomic resolution images of surfaces.
1973 - Leo Esaki was awarded a Nobel Prize for Physics for his invention of the electron tunneling effect in semiconductors. Esaki was the co-inventor of semiconductor superlattices and explored the extraordinary properties of these engineered quantum structures.
A. M. Turing Award Recipients
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The A.M. Turing Award is the Association for Computing Machinery's most prestigious technical award. It is given to an individual selected for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing community.
1987 - John Cocke for significant contributions in the design and theory of compilers, the architecture of large systems and the development of reduced instruction set computers (RISC); for discovering and systematizing many fundamental transformations now used in optimizing compilers including reduction of operator strength, elimination of common subexpressions, register allocation, constant propagation, and dead code elimination.
1981 - Edgar F. Codd for his fundamental and continuing contributions to the theory and practice of database management systems. He originated the relational approach to database management in a series of research papers published commencing in 1970. His paper "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks" was a seminal paper, in a continuing and carefully developed series of papers. Dr. Codd built upon this space and in doing so has provided the impetus for widespread research into numerous related areas, including database languages, query subsystems, database semantics, locking and recovery, and inferential subsystems.
1979 - Kenneth E. Iverson for his pioneering effort in programming languages and mathematical notation resulting in what the computing field now knows as APL, for his contributions to the implementation of interactive systems, to educational uses of APL, and to programming language theory and practice.
1977 - John Backus for profound, influential, and lasting contributions to the design of practical high-level programming systems, notably through his work on FORTRAN, and for seminal publication of formal procedures for the specification of programming languages.
National Medal of Technology - Awarded by the President of the United States for promotion of technology or technological manpower.
National Medal of Science - Awarded by the President of the United States for outstanding contributions to knowledge in the physical, biological, mathematical, or engineering sciences.
Wolf Foundation Prize
Six prizes awarded every year to outstanding scientists and artists for achievements in agriculture, chemistry, mathematics, medicine, and physics for science and in the Arts, the prize rotates annually among music, painting, sculpture and architecture. $100,000 and a certificate.
Benoit Mandelbrot (1993)
The Franklin Medal
The Franklin Institute's highest honor for those working in physical science or technology, and whose efforts have done most to advance a knowledge of physical science or its applications. Established in 1914. Gold Medal. Awarded annually.
Benoit Mandelbrot (1986)
IBM highest technical honor is the designation of IBM Fellow. Fellows are selected for sustained and distinguished technical achievements in engineering, programming and technology. Since the program began in 1963, only 180 people have been designated IBM Fellows. Fellows are granted a wide sphere of independence in the pursuit of their research.
IBM Fellows have invented some of the industry's most useful and profitably applied technologies. Few computer users may realize how much of this group's innovations have created the computer technology we take for granted.
Examples of technology originated by IBM Fellows include:
Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) -- the architectural basis for most high performance work stations and servers
Thin-film heads -- for high-density disk storage devices
DRAM -- the fundamental solid-state memory technology used in the industry
Relational databases -- one of the foundational technologies of knowledge management
The Trackpoint -- the little red pointing device for laptop computers
Virtual memory -- allows many users to share a single computer
The Scanning Tunneling Microscope -- the first instrument able to image atoms
Fortran -- one of the world's most widely used computer langauges
RAMAC -- the world's first disk drive
The AT bus -- the basic architecture for IBM personal computers
In 2004, five new Fellows were named. There are currently 59 active employees who are IBM Fellows.
For the past 11 years, IBM has been awarded the most U.S. patents. In 2003, the company earned 3,415.
IBM leads the next nearest patent earner by 1,400 patents and the next nearest IT industry competitor by more than 1,600 patents. No other company has ever received more than 3,000 patents in a single year. In just four years, IBM earned 13,000 patents — approximately 5,400 more than the next nearest patent earner and almost 8,000 more than the closest IT competitor.
See the highlights of IBM's 2003 patent story here.
The Delphion Intellectual Property Network for all U.S. patents can be accessed here.
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Farid Abraham
Aneesur Rahman Prize for Computational Physics (3/2004)
For his landmark simulations of fracture, two-dimensional melting and properties of membranes.
Don Coppersmith
Fellow - International Association for Cryptologic Research (2/2004)
For numerous foundational and highly influential contributions to the theory and practice of cryptosystem design and analysis.
Alfred Spector
Member - National Academy of Engineering (2/2004)
For the design, implentation and commercialization of reliable, scalable architectures for distributed file systems, transaction systems and other applications.
Fred Mintzer
President, IEEE Signal Processing Society, (2004-05)
Richard Garwin
National Medal of Science (11/2003)
Garwin, a military technology innovator, invented and patented magnetic resonance techniques that are key to today's magnetic resonance imaging technology. He also laid the foundation for technologies in superconducting electronic circuitry.
Rakesh Agrawal
Fellow - Association for Computing Machinery (11/2003)
For pioneering the key concepts of data mining and producing it's fundamental technical results and for outstanding service to the database and data mining communities.
Frances Ross
Burton Medal (8/2003)
Recognized for her distinguished contributions to the field of microscopy and microanalysis
Miklos Ajtai
Donald E. Knuth Prize (6/2003)
Recognized for his outstanding contributions to logic and complexity theory.
Peter Franaszek
Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award (6/2003)
Recognized for his contributions to the theory and application of constrained channel coding
Ramakrishnan Srikant
Grace Murray Hopper Award (5/2003)
For his seminal work on mining association rules, which has led to association rules becoming a key data mining tool as well as part of the core syllabus in database and data mining courses
Rudolf Tromp
Davisson-Germer Prize (3/2003)
Recognized for his understanding of semiconductor surfaces and interfaces
Craig Hawker
Cooperative Research Award (3/2003)
For his highly productive and sustained collaborative endeavors in the area of functional polymers and nanostructured materials
Phaedon Avouris
Irving Langmuir Prize (3/2003)
Recognized for his fundamental pioneering contributions to nanostructures and atomic-scale phenomena at surfaces.
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